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OSPF, kepanjangan dari Open Shortest Path First merupakan salah satu tipe dynamic routing yang open standard. OSPF termasuk dalam IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) yang masuk pada bagian Link State yang mana akan memilih jalur yang bandwith atau matrix cost nya terkecil. OSPF ini memiliki Administratif Distance sebesar 110. Hampir sama dengan static routing, tipe dynamic routing ini akan mendapat reference bandwidth sebesar 100mb, yang kemudian akan dibagikan sesuai dengan bandwith pada kabel yang di pakai pada router :

  • Gigabyte Ethernet : 1000MB
  • Fast Ethernet : 100MB
  • Etherner : 10MB

Sama seperti tipe routing lainnya, OSPF ini pun mendukung IP Classless yang mendukung VLSM dan CIDR pula. Hanya saja, konsep routing OSPF ini agak sedikit berbeda dengan tipe lainnya. OSPF menggunakan konsep area untuk memudahkan kontrol dann manajemen traffic. Untuk konsep dasar area ini menggunakan area 0 atau bisa disebut backbone area.

Tiga table penting dalam OSPF :

  • Routing table : menampilkan best route yang menuju destination network.
    ( show ip route )
  • Neighbor table : bisa disebut adjency database yang mana menampilkan informasi
    directly connected router (neighbors). ( show ip ospf neighbor )
  • Database table : bisa disebut Link State Database (LSDB) yang berfungsi
    menampilkan semua kemungkinan infomasi route yang menuju network dalam satu
    area. ( show ip ospf database )

Konfigurasi dasar :

Sakti­R1(config)#router ospf 1
Sakti­R1(config­router)#network <directly connected network> area <area­id>
Sakti­R1(config­router)#network <directly connected network> area <area­id>
Sakti­R1(config­router)#exit
Sakti­R1(config)#

Topologi :

e

Konfigurasi :

Set IP Address beserta netmask-nya di seluruh interfaces yang sesuai topologi.

Sakti­R1(config)#interface fa0/0
Sakti­R1(config­if)#no shutdown 
Sakti­R1(config­if)#ip address 111.111.111.1 255.255.255.0
Sakti­R1(config­if)#exit
Sakti­R1(config)#interface fa0/1
Sakti­R1(config­if)#no shutdown 
Sakti­R1(config­if)#ip address 192.168.0.254 255.255.255.0
Sakti­R1(config­if)#exit
Sakti­R1(config)#
Sakti­R2(config)#interface fa0/0
Sakti­R2(config­if)#no shutdown 
Sakti­R2(config­if)#ip addr 111.111.111.2 255.255.255.0
Sakti­R2(config­if)#exit
Sakti­R2(config)#interface fa0/1
Sakti­R2(config­if)#no shutdown 
Sakti­R2(config­if)#ip address 112.112.112.1 255.255.255.0
Sakti­R2(config­if)#exit
Sakti­R2(config)#
Sakti­R3(config)#interface fa0/0
Sakti­R3(config­if)#no shutdown 
Sakti­R3(config­if)#ip address 112.112.112.2 255.255.255.0
Sakti­R3(config­if)#exit
Sakti­R3(config)#interface fa0/1
Sakti­R3(config­if)#no shutdown
Sakti­R3(config­if)#ip address 192.168.100.254 255.255.255.0
Sakti­R3(config­if)#exit
Sakti­R3(config)#

f.png

Selanjutnya, kita setting routing OSPF di ketiga router

Sakti­R1(config)#router ospf 1
Sakti­R1(config­router)#network 111.111.111.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Sakti­R1(config­router)#network 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Sakti­R1(config­router)#
Sakti­R2(config)#router ospf 1
Sakti­R2(config­router)#network 111.111.111.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Sakti­R2(config­router)#network 112.112.112.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
00:53:10: %OSPF­5­ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.0.254 on 
FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Sakti­R2(config­router)#
Sakti­R3(config)#router ospf 1
Sakti­R3(config­router)#network 112.112.112.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
00:54:55: %OSPF­5­ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 112.112.112.1 on 
FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Sakti­R3(config­router)#network 192.168.100.0.0.0.0.255 area 0
Sakti­R3(config­router)#exit
Sakti­R3(config)#

Bisa dicek table routing dan routing protocol di Sakti-R1

Sakti­R1#show ip route 
Codes: C ­ connected, S ­ static, I ­ IGRP, R ­ RIP, M ­ 
mobile, B ­ BGP
D ­ EIGRP, EX ­ EIGRP external, O ­ OSPF, IA ­ OSPF inter area
N1 ­ OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 ­ OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 ­ OSPF external type 1, E2 ­ OSPF external type 2, E ­ EGP
i ­ IS­IS, L1 ­ IS­IS level­1, L2 ­ IS­IS level­2, ia ­ IS­IS 
inter area
* ­ candidate default, U ­ per­user static route, o ­ ODR
P ­ periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
111.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 111.111.111.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
112.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 112.112.112.0 [110/2] via 111.111.111.2, 01:23:32, 
FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O 192.168.100.0/24 [110/3] via 111.111.111.2, 01:22:37, 
FastEthernet0/0
Sakti­R1#
Sakti­R1#show ip protocols 
Routing Protocol is "ospf 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set 
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set 
Router ID 192.168.0.254
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
111.111.111.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Routing Information Sources: 
Gateway Distance Last Update 
112.112.112.1 110 00:28:26
192.168.0.254 110 00:29:15
192.168.100.254 110 00:28:12
Distance: (default is 110)
Sakti­R1#

Ulangi pula untuk router Sakti-R2 dan Sakti-R3. Bisa dicek informasi neighbor OSPF di ketiga router

Sakti­R1#show ip ospf neighbor 
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
112.112.112.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:38 111.111.111.2 FastEthernet0/0
Sakti­R1#
Sakti­R2#show ip ospf neighbor 
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
192.168.0.254 1 FULL/DR 00:00:33 111.111.111.1 FastEthernet0/0
192.168.100.254 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:38 112.112.112.2 
FastEthernet0/1
Sakti­R2#
Sakti­R3#show ip ospf neighbor 
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
112.112.112.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:36 112.112.112.1 FastEthernet0/0
Sakti­R3#

Bisa dilihat informasi database OSPF di ketiga router.

Sakti­R1#show ip ospf database 
OSPF Router with ID (192.168.0.254) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
192.168.0.254 192.168.0.254 305 0x80000007 0x0071f3 2
112.112.112.1 112.112.112.1 255 0x80000008 0x005401 2
192.168.100.254 192.168.100.254 241 0x80000007 0x00e848 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
111.111.111.1 192.168.0.254 305 0x80000005 0x004a5e
112.112.112.1 112.112.112.1 255 0x80000005 0x0096fd
Sakti­R1#
Sakti­R2#show ip ospf database 
OSPF Router with ID (112.112.112.1) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
112.112.112.1 112.112.112.1 278 0x80000008 0x005401 2
192.168.0.254 192.168.0.254 329 0x80000007 0x0071f3 2
192.168.100.254 192.168.100.254 264 0x80000007 0x00e848 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
112.112.112.1 112.112.112.1 278 0x80000005 0x0096fd
111.111.111.1 192.168.0.254 329 0x80000005 0x004a5e
Sakti­R2#
Sakti­R3#show ip ospf database 
OSPF Router with ID (192.168.100.254) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
192.168.100.254 192.168.100.254 282 0x80000007 0x00e848 2
192.168.0.254 192.168.0.254 347 0x80000007 0x0071f3 2
112.112.112.1 112.112.112.1 297 0x80000008 0x005401 2
Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
111.111.111.1 192.168.0.254 347 0x80000005 0x004a5e
112.112.112.1 112.112.112.1 297 0x80000005 0x0096fd
Sakti­R3#

Terakhir, untuk pengujian bisa dilakukan ping antar client.

Terakhir, untuk pengujian bisa dilakukan ping antar client.

Sakti-PC1 ping Sakti-PC2

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
C:\>ping 192.168.100.123
Pinging 192.168.100.123 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.100.123: bytes=32 time=38ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.100.123: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.100.123: bytes=32 time=38ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.100.123:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli­seconds:
Minimum = 34ms, Maximum = 38ms, Average = 36ms
C:\>

Sakti-PC2 ping Sakti-PC1

Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
C:\>ping 192.168.0.23
Pinging 192.168.0.23 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.23: bytes=32 time=71ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.0.23: bytes=32 time=53ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.0.23: bytes=32 time=28ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.0.23: bytes=32 time=37ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.23:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli­seconds:
Minimum = 28ms, Maximum = 71ms, Average = 47ms
C:\>

Sekian:)

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